Arbeitsblatt: Die Kunst des Liebens - Erich Fromm
Material-Details
Die Kraft der Liebe. Was es bedeutet, wahrhaft Liebe zu geben und zu empfangen
Schrift
Anderes Thema
klassenübergreifend
169 Seiten
Statistik
132182
1925
10
15.05.2014
Autor/in
Engel Berg
Land: andere Länder
Registriert vor 2006
Textauszüge aus dem Inhalt:
(ULFK)URPP LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV :LU 0HQVFKHQ VLQG PHLVWHQV QLFKW LPVWDQGH XQVHUH )lKLJNHLW ]XP/LHEHQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ]XHLQHU /LHEHGLH5HLIH6HOEVWHUNHQQWQLV XQG0XWXPIDW (ULFK )URPP GLVNXWLHUW LQ GLH VHP %XFK GLH /LHEH LQ DOO LKUHQ $VSHNWHQ QLFKW QXU GLH URPDQ WLVFKH YRQ VR YLHOHQ IDOVFKHQ 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ XPJHEHQH /LHEH VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH (OWHUQOLHEH 1lFKVWHQOLHEH HURWLVFKH /LHEH 6HOEVWOLHEH XQG GLH /LHEH ]X *RWW (ULFK)URPP LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV 8OOVWHLQ%XFK1ULP9HUODJ8OOVWHLQ*PE ,6%1 HERRNE\%22. 5 86 LHVHV(ERRNLVWQLFKW]XP9HUNDXIEHVWLPPW (ULFK)URPP LH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV HLQ8OOVWHLQ%XFK 8OOVWHLQ%XFK1U LP9HUODJ8OOVWHLQ*PE )UDQNIXUW0%HUOLQ:LHQ 7LWHOGHUDPHULNDQLVFKHQ2ULJLQDODXVJDEH 7($572)/29,1* $XWRULVLHUWHhEHUVHW]XQJYRQ*QWHU(LFKHO HXWVFKH2ULJLQDODXVJDEH 8PVFKODJHQWZXUI.XUW:HLGHPDQQ $OOH5HFKWHYRUEHKDOWHQ E\(ULFK)URPP 3ULQWHGLQ*HUPDQ\ *HVDPWKHUVWHOOXQJ (EQHU8OPRQDX ,6%1 ,QKDOWVYHU]HLFKQLV (,1)h581* 925:257 ,67/,(%(1(,1(.8167 ,(7(25,((5/,(%( /LHEHGLH$QWZRUWDXIGDV3UREOHP GHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ] /LHEH]ZLVFKHQ(OWHUQXQG.LQG LH2EMHNWHGHU/LHEH 1lFKVWHQOLHEH 0XWWHUOLHEH (URWLVFKH/LHEH 6HOEVWOLHEH *RWWHVOLHEH ,(/,(%(81,59(5)$//,1(5 (,7*(1g66,6&(1:(67/,&(1*(6(//6&$)7 ,(35$;,6(6/,(%(16 (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV (,1)h581* LHVHV %XFK LVW HLQ %DQG GHU ª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ GLH VLFK GLH$XIJDEH VWHOOHQ NXU]H 6FKULIWHQ GHU YHUDQWZRUWOLFKHQ ]HLWJHQVVLVFKHQ HQNHU DXI YHUVFKLHGHQHQ *HELHWHQ KHUDXV ]XJHEHQ LH $EVLFKW LVW JUXQGOHJHQGH QHXH 5LFKWXQJHQ LQ GHU PRGHUQHQ LYLOLVDWLRQ DXI]X]HLJHQ GLH VFKSIHULVFKHQ .UlIWH ]X GHXWHQ GLH LP 2VWHQ ZLH LP :HVWHQ DP :HUNH VLQG XQG GDV QHXH %HZXWVHLQ GHXWOLFK ]X PDFKHQ GDV ]X HL QHP WLHIHUHQ 9HUVWlQGQLV GHU :HFKVHOEH]LHKXQJHQ ]ZLVFKHQ 0HQVFK XQG 8QLYHUVXP ,QGLYLGXXP XQG *HVHOOVFKDIW VRZLH GHU DOOHQ 9ONHUQ JHPHLQVDPHQ :HUWH EHLWUDJHQ NDQQ LH ª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ UHSUlVHQWLHUHQ GLH :HOWJHPHLQVFKDIW GHU ,GHHQ LQ HLQHP XQLYHUVDOHQ *HVSUlFK ZREHL VLH GDV 3ULQ]LS GHU(LQKHLWGHU0HQVFKKHLWEHWRQHQGHU%HVWlQGLJNHLWLQGHU :DQGOXQJ 1HXH(QWGHFNXQJHQLQYLHOHQ%HUHLFKHQGHV:LVVHQVKDEHQ XQYHUPXWHWH $XVVLFKWHQ HUIIQHW IU HLQ WLHIHUHV 9HUVWlQGQLV GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 6LWXDWLRQ XQG IU HLQH ULFKWLJH :UGLJXQJ PHQVFKOLFKHU :HUWH XQG %HVWUHEXQJHQ LHVH $XVVLFKWHQ REZRKOGDV(UJHEQLVQXUVSH]LDOLVLHUWHU6WXGLHQDXIEHJUHQ]WHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV *HELHWHQHUIRUGHUQ]XLKUHU$QDO\VHXQG6\QWKHVHHLQHQQHXHQ 5DKPHQ LQ GHP VLH HUIRUVFKW EHUHLFKHUW XQG LQ DOO LKUHQ $VSHNWHQ ]XP :lKOH GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQG GHU *HVHOOVFKDIW JHIUGHUWZHUGHQNQQHQ6ROFKHLQHQ5DKPHQ]XEHVWLPPHQ VLQGGLHª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQEHPKWLQGHURIIQXQJ]XHLQHU /HKUHYRP0HQVFKHQ]XIKUHQ (LQH$EVLFKWGLHVHU5HLKHLVWDXFKGHU9HUVXFKHLQ*UXQGEHO GHU 0HQVFKKHLW ]X EHUZLQGHQ QlPOLFK GLH )ROJHQ GHU $WRPLVLHUXQJ GHU :LVVHQVFKDIW GLH GXUFK GDV EHUZlOWLJHQGH $QZDFKVHQGHU)DNWHQHQWVWDQGHQLVWGLHGLH:LVVHQVFKDIWDQV /LFKWEUDFKWHIHUQHU,GHHQGXUFKHLQH%HIUXFKWXQJGHU*HLVWHU ]XNOlUHQXQG]XYHUELQGHQYRQYHUVFKLHGHQHQ*HVLFKWVSXQNWHQ DXVGLHJHJHQVHLWLJH$EKlQJLJNHLWYRQ*HGDQNHQ)DNWHQXQG :HUWHQLQLKUHUEHVWlQGLJHQ:HFKVHOZLUNXQJ]X]HLJHQGLH$UW 9HUZDQGWVFKDIW/RJLNXQG%HZHJXQJGHVJHVDPWHQ2UJDQLVPXV GHU :LUNOLFKNHLW ]X GHPRQVWULHUHQ LQGHP VLH GHQ GDXHUQGHQ XVDPPHQKDQJGHU3UR]HVVHGHV0HQVFKHQJHLVWHV]HLJWXQGVR GLHLQQHUH6\QWKHVHXQGGLHRUJDQLVFKH(LQKHLWGHV/HEHQVVHOEVW ]XHQWKOOHQ LH ª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ VLQG EHU]HXJW GD WURW] GHU 8QWHUVFKLHGHXQG6WUHLWIUDJHQGHUKLHUGDUJHVWHOOWHQLV]LSOLQHQ HLQH VWDUNH hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ GHU $XWRUHQ EHVWHKW KLQVLFKWOLFK GHU EHUZlOWLJHQGHQ 1RWZHQGLJNHLW GLH )OOH ]ZLQJHQGHU ZLVVHQVFKDIWOLFKHU (UJHEQLVVH XQG GHU 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ REMHNWLYHU 3KlQRPHQH YRQ GHU 3K\VLN ELV ]XU 0HWDSK\VLN *HVFKLFKWHXQG%LRORJLH]XVLQQYROOHU(UIDKUXQJ]XYHUELQGHQ 8P GLHVHV *OHLFKJHZLFKW ]X VFKDIIHQ LVW HV QRWZHQGLJ GLH JUXQGOHJHQGH 7DWVDFKH LQV %HZXWVHLQ ]X UXIHQ GD OHW]WOLFK (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV GLHLQGLYLGXHOOHPHQVFKOLFKH3HUVQOLFKNHLWDOOGLHORVHQ)lGHQ]X HLQHPRUJDQLVFKHQ*DQ]HQYHUNQSIHQXQGVLFK]XVLFKVHOEVW GHU 0HQVFKKHLW XQG *HVHOOVFKDIW LQ %H]LHKXQJ VHW]HQ PX ZlKUHQGVLHLKUH*HPHLQVFKDIWPLWGHP8QLYHUVXPYHUWLHIWXQG VWHLJHUWLHVHQ*HLVW]XYHUDQNHUQXQGLKQGHPLQWHOOHNWXHOOHQ XQG VSLULWXHOOHQ /HEHQ GHU 0HQVFKKHLW HQNHQGHQ ZLH DQGHOQGHQ JOHLFKHUZHLVH WLHI HLQ]XSUlJHQ LVW WDWVlFKOLFK HLQH JURH ZLFKWLJH $XIJDEH XQG NDQQ ZHGHU JlQ]OLFK GHU 1DWXUZLVVHQVFKDIWQRFKGHU5HOLJLRQEHUODVVHQZHUGHQHQQZLU VWHKHQGHUXQDEZHLVEDUHQ1RWZHQGLJNHLWJHJHQEHUHLQ3ULQ]LS GHU8QWHUVFKHLGXQJXQGGHQQRFK9HUZDQGWVFKDIW]XHQWGHFNHQ GDV NODU JHQXJ LVW XP 1DWXUZLVVHQVFKDIW 3KLORVRSKLH XQG MHGHDQGHUH.HQQWQLV]XUHFKWIHUWLJHQXQG]XOlXWHUQLQGHPHV LKUHJHJHQVHLWLJH$EKlQJLJNHLWDQQLPPWLHVLVWGLH.ULVLVLP %HZXWVHLQGLHGXUFKGLH.ULVLVGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWGHXWOLFKZLUG LHVLVWGDVQHXH(UZDFKHQ LHª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQZROOHQEHZHLVHQGDJUXQGOHJHQGHV WKHRUHWLVFKHV :LVVHQ PLW GHP G\QDPLVFKHQ ,QKDOW GHU *DQ]KHLW GHV /HEHQV YHUEXQGHQ LVW 6LH VLQG GHU QHXHQ 6\QWKHVH JHZLGPHWGLH(UNHQQWQLVXQG,QWXLWLRQ]XJOHLFKLVW6LHEHIDVVHQ VLFKPLWGHU(UQHXHUXQJGHU:LVVHQVFKDIWLQEH]XJDXIGLH1DWXU GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQG VHLQ 9HUVWl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lW]OLFKH0lFKWH ]X EHKDQGHOQ DXFK QLFKW LQ GHU 5HGX]LHUXQJ YRQ 7DWVDFKHQ DXI HLQH VWDWLVWLVFKH 2UGQXQJ VRQGHUQ VLH LVW HLQ 0LWWHO GLH 0HQVFKKHLW YRQ GHU GHVWUXNWLYHQ *HZDOW GHU )XUFKW ]X EHIUHLHQ XQG LKU GHQ :HJ ]XP LHO GHU 5HKDELOLWLHUXQJ GHV PHQVFKOLFKHQ :LOOHQV GHU :LHGHUJHEXUW GHV *ODXEHQV XQG 9HUWUDXHQV]XZHLVHQLHVH%FKHUUHLKHZLOODXFKNODUPDFKHQ GD GHU 6FKUHL QDFK 9RUELOGHUQ 6\VWHPHQ XQG $XWRULWlWHQ ZHQLJHUGULQJOLFKZLUGLQGHP0DHZLHLP2VWHQXQG:HVWHQ GHU :XQVFK QDFK :LHGHUKHUVWHOOXQJ HLQHU :UGH /DXWHUNHLW XQG 6HOEVWYHUZLUNOLFKXQJ VWlUNHU ZLUG GLH XQYHUlXHUOLFKH 5HFKWH GHV 0HQVFKHQ VLQG HQQ HU LVW NHLQH 7DEXOD UDVD GHU GXUFK lXHUH 8PVWlQGH DOOHV ZLOONUOLFK DXIJHSUlJW ZHUGHQ NDQQVRQGHUQHUEHVLW]WGLHHLQ]LJDUWLJH0JOLFKNHLWGHUIUHLHQ 6FKSIHUNUDIW DGXUFK XQWHUVFKHLGHW VLFK GHU 0HQVFK YRQ GHQ DQGHUHQ )RUPHQ GHV /HEHQV GD HU LP /LFKWH UDWLRQDOHU (UIDKUXQJPLWEHZXWHULHOVHW]XQJ:DQGHOVFKDIIHQNDQQ LH ª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ SODQHQ (LQEOLFN LQ GLH %HGHXWXQJ GHV0HQVFKHQ]XJHZLQQHQGHUQLFKWQXUGXUFKGLH*HVFKLFKWH EHVWLPPW ZLUG VRQGHUQ VHOEVW GLH *HVFKLFKWH EHVWLPPW *HVFKLFKWHVROOGDEHLVRYHUVWDQGHQZHUGHQGDVLHVLFKQLFKWQXU PLWGHP/HEHQGHV0HQVFKHQDXIGLHVHP3ODQHWHQEHVFKlIWLJW VRQGHUQ DXFK GLH NRVPLVFKHQ (LQÀVVH XPIDW GLH XQVHUH 0HQVFKHQZHOW GXUFKGULQJHQ LH MHW]LJH *HQHUDWLRQ HQWGHFNW GDGLH*HVFKLFKWHQLFKWGHQVR]LDOHQ2SWLPLVPXVGHUPRGHUQHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV LYLOLVDWLRQ EHVWlWLJW XQG GD GLH 2UJDQLVDWLRQ PHQVFKOLFKHU *HPHLQVFKDIWHQXQGGLH6HW]XQJYRQ)UHLKHLW*HUHFKWLJNHLWXQG )ULHGHQQLFKWQXULQWHOOHNWXHOOH7DWHQVRQGHUQDXFKJHLVWLJHXQG PRUDOLVFKH :HUNH VLQG 6LH YHUODQJHQ GLH 3ÀHJH GHU *DQ]KHLW PHQVFKOLFKHU3HUVQOLFKNHLWGLHªVSRQWDQH*DQ]KHLWYRQ)KOHQ XQGHQNHQXQGVWHOOHQHLQHXQDXIKUOLFKH)RUGHUXQJDQGHQ 0HQVFKHQGHUDXVGHP$EJUXQGYRQ6LQQORVLJNHLWXQG/HLGHQ HPSRUVWHLJW XP LQ GHU *DQ]KHLW VHLQHV DVHLQV HUQHXHUW XQG YROOHQGHW]XZHUGHQ LH ª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ª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQ DXFK ]X ]HLJHQ GD LQ GHU JHJHQZlUWLJHQ DSRNDO\SWLVFKHQ 3HULRGH REZRKO YROO YRQ DXHURUGHQWOLFKHQ6SDQQXQJHQGRFKDXFKHLQHXQJHZKQOLFKH %HZHJXQJ ]X HLQHU NRPSHQVLHUHQGHQ (LQKHLW KLQ DP :HUNH LVW ZHOFKH GLH VLWWOLFKH 8UNUDIW QLFKW VWUHQ NDQQ GLH GDV 8QLYHUVXP GXUFKGULQJW GLHVH .UDIW DXI GLH VLFK MHGH PHQVFKOLFKH $QVWUHQJXQJ VFKOLHOLFK VWW]HQ PX $XI GLHVHP :HJH JHODQJHQ ZLU YLHOOHLFKW ]XP 9HUVWlQGQLV GDIU GD HLQH 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW JHLVWLJHQ :DFKVWXPV H[LVWLHUW GLH ZRKO GXUFK 8PVWlQGHEHGLQJWGRFKQLHPDOVYRQGHQ8PVWlQGHQEHVWLPPW (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV ZLUG $XI GLHVH $UW PDJ GHU JURH hEHUÀX PHQVFKOLFKHQ :LVVHQV LQ :HFKVHOEH]LHKXQJ JHEUDFKW ZHUGHQ ]XU (LQVLFKW LQ GDV :HVHQ GHU PHQVFKOLFKHQ 1DWXU LQGHP PDQ LKQ DXI GHQ WLHIHQ XQG YROOHQ .ODQJ PHQVFKOLFKHU *HGDQNHQ XQG (UIDKUXQJHQDEVWLPPWHQQZDVXQVIHKOWLVWQLFKWGDV:LVVHQ XPGLH6WUXNWXUGHV8QLYHUVXPVVRQGHUQGDV%HZXWVHLQYRQ GHUTXDOLWDWLYHQ(LQ]LJDUWLJNHLWPHQVFKOLFKHQ/HEHQV 8QGHQGOLFKLVWGDV7KHPDGLHVHUª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQGD GHU0HQVFKLP%HJULIILVWHLQQHXHV%HZXWVHLQ]XHQWZLFNHOQ GDVWURW]VFKHLQEDUHUJHLVWLJHUXQGPRUDOLVFKHU.QHFKWVFKDIWGDV 0HQVFKHQJHVFKOHFKWYLHOOHLFKWEHUGLH)XUFKWGLH8QZLVVHQKHLW GLH %UXWDOLWlW XQG GLH ,VROLHUXQJ HUKHEHQ NDQQ GLH HV KHXWH EHGUFNHQ LHVHP HQWVWHKHQGHQ %HZXWVHLQ GLHVHP %HJULII GHV0HQVFKHQDXVHLQHUQHXHQ6LFKWGHU:LUNOLFKNHLWJHERUHQ VLQGGLHª:HOWSHUVSHNWLYHQJHZLGPHW 5XWK1DQGD$QVKHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV 925:257 LH/HNWUHGLHVHV%XFKHVZLUGHLQH(QWWlXVFKXQJIUDOOH /HVHUVHLQGLHVLFKYRQLKPHLQHOHLFKWIDOLFKH8QWHUULFKWXQJ LQGHU.XQVWGHV/LHEHQVHUZDUWHQDV%XFKPFKWHJDQ]LP *HJHQWHLO]HLJHQGD/LHEHQLFKWHLQ*HIKOLVWGHPPDQVLFK HLQIDFKKLQ]XJHEHQEUDXFKWXQJHDFKWHWGHP*UDGGHU5HLIH GHQ PDQ HUUHLFKW KDW HV PFKWH GHQ /HVHU EHU]HXJHQ GD MHGHU 9HUVXFK GHU /LHEH IHKOVFKODJHQ PX VRODQJH PDQ VLFK QLFKW EHPKW GLH HLJHQH *HVDPWSHUVQOLFKNHLW ]X HQWZLFNHOQXQGGDPLW]XHLQHUVFKSIHULVFKHQ2ULHQWLHUXQJ ]XJHODQJHQXQGGDPDQLQGHULQGLYLGXHOOHQ/LHEHNHLQH %HIULHGLJXQJ ¿QGHQ ZLUG VRODQJH PDQ QLFKW LPVWDQGH LVW VHLQHQ1lFKVWHQ]XOLHEHQXQGGLHVZLUNOLFKGHPWLJPXWLJ HKUOLFKXQGGLV]LSOLQLHUWWXW-HGHUPDJVLFKVHOEVWGLH)UDJH VWHOOHQZLHYLHOH0HQVFKHQHUNHQQWGLHZLUNOLFKYROOXQG HFKW]XOLHEHQIlKLJVLQG HQQRFKVROOWHGLH6FKZLHULJNHLWGLHVHU$XIJDEHQRFKODQJH NHLQ*UXQGVHLQJDUQLFKWHUVWGHQ9HUVXFK]XPDFKHQGLH*UQGH IUGLHVH6FKZLHULJNHLWHQ]XVXFKHQXQGGLH%HGLQJXQJHQ]X LKUHU hEHUZLQGXQJ ]X YHUVWHKHQ 8P GLHVHV 3UREOHP QLFKW XQQWLJ ]X NRPSOL]LHUHQ KDEH LFK PLFK EHPKW HV LQ HLQHU 6SUDFKH ]X EHKDQGHOQ GLH ZHLWPJOLFKVW YRQ IDFKOLFKHQ $XVGUFNHQ XQEHODVWHW LVW $XV GHP JOHLFKHQ *UXQGH KDEH (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV LFKQXUHLQ0LQGHVWPDDQLQZHLVHQDXIGLHHQWVSUHFKHQGH /LWHUDWXUJHJHEHQ )U HLQ DQGHUHV 3UREOHP KDEH LFK DOOHUGLQJV NHLQH YOOLJ EHIULHGLJHQGH/VXQJJHIXQGHQDPLWPHLQHLFKEHVRQGHUVGLH :LHGHUKROXQJYRQ*HGDQNHQGLHEHUHLWVLQPHLQHQIUKHUHQ 9HUIIHQWOLFKXQJHQ ]X ¿QGHQ VLQG HU /HVHU GHU PHLQH %FKHU LH )XUFKW YRU GHU )UHLKHLW XQG 3V\FKRDQDO\VH XQG (WKLNNHQQWZLUGKLHUHLQH5HLKHYRQ*HGDQNHQDQWUHIIHQGLH EHUHLWVLQGHQJHQDQQWHQ:HUNHQHQWKDOWHQVLQGLH.XQVWGHV /LHEHQVLVWMHGRFKNHLQHVZHJVHLQHEORHXVDPPHQIDVVXQJ GLHVHV %XFK EULQJW HLQH )ROJH YRQ *HGDQNHQ GLH MHQVHLWV GHU IUKHU GDUJHVWHOOWHQ OLHJHQ XQG HV LVW QXU QDWUOLFK GD DXFK lOWHUH *HGDQNHQ DOOHLQ GDGXUFK HLQH QHXH 3HUVSHNWLYH EHNRPPHQ GD VLH MHW]W XP HLQ HLQ]LJHV 7KHPD NUHLVHQ XPGLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV () HU GHU QLFKWV ZHL OLHEW QLFKWV HU GHU QLFKWV NDQQ YHUVWHKWQLFKWVHUGHUQLFKWVYHUVWHKWLVWZHUWORVHUDEHU GHUYHUVWHKWOLHEWXQGHUNHQQWXQGVLHKW«- PHKU:LVVHQPLW HLQHU6DFKHYHUEXQGHQLVWGHVWRJUHULVWGLH/LHEH«:HQQ HLQHUJODXEWGDDOOH)UFKWH]XUJOHLFKHQHLWUHLIVLQGZLH GLH(UGEHHUHQYHUVWHKWHUQLFKWVYRQGHQ:HLQWUDXEHQ 3DUDFHOVXV (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV , ,67/,(%(1(,1(.8167 ,VW /LHEHQ HLQH .XQVW DQQ HUIRUGHUW HV :LVVHQ XQG %HPKXQJ2GHULVW/LHEHQQXUHLQDQJHQHKPHV*HIKOGDV ]XYHUVSUHQQXUHLQH6DFKHGHVXIDOOVLVWHWZDVGHPPDQ ªYHUIlOOWZHQQPDQ*OFNKDW\LHVHVNOHLQH%XFKEDVLHUW DXI GHU HUVWJHQDQQWHQ$QQDKPH Zl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lKLJNHLW]XOLHEHQHPQDFKKHLWIUVLHGDV3UREOHP:HUGH LFKJHOLHEWZLHNDQQLFKOLHEHQVZHUWVHLQ8P]XGLHVHPLHO ]X JHODQJHQ VFKODJHQ VLH YHUVFKLHGHQH :HJH HLQ HU HLQH GHUEHVRQGHUVYRQ0lQQHUQYHUIROJWZLUGLVWGHU9HUVXFKVR HUIROJUHLFKVRPlFKWLJXQGVRUHLFK]XVHLQZLHHVGHUVR]LDOH 6SLHOUDXPGHUHLJHQHQ3RVLWLRQQXU]XOlW(LQDQGHUHUPHKU YRQ)UDXHQEHJDQJHQLVWGHU9HUVXFKPJOLFKVWDWWUDNWLY]X ZLUNHQZDVVLFKGXUFK.USHUSÀHJH.OHLGXQJXVZHUUHLFKHQ OlW$QGHUH0JOLFKNHLWHQGLH]XGLHVHPZHFNVRZRKOYRQ 0lQQHUQ DOV DXFK YRQ )UDXHQ DQJHZDQGW ZHUGHQ VLQG QHWWH 0DQLHUHQ LQWHUHVVDQWH 8QWHUKDOWXQJHQ LOIVEHUHLWVFKDIW %HVFKHLGHQKHLW XQG XUFNKDOWXQJ 9LHOH :HJH VLFK VHOEVW OLHEHQVZHUW ]X PDFKHQ JOHLFKHQ MHQHQ GLH PDQ HLQVFKOlJW XPHUIROJUHLFK]XVHLQªXP)UHXQGH]XJHZLQQHQXQGDQGHUH 0HQVFKHQ ]X EHHLQÀXVVHQ 7DWVDFKH LVW GD GDV ZDV GLH PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW XQWHU ªOLHEHQVZHUW YHUVWHKHQ LP ZHVHQWOLFKHQ QXU HLQH 0LVFKXQJ YRQ ]ZHL 7HQGHQ]HQLVWSRSXOlU]XVHLQXQG6H[DSSHDO]XKDEHQ (LQH]ZHLWH9RUDXVVHW]XQJGLHKLQWHUGHU$QQDKPHVWHKW GDHVLPXVDPPHQKDQJPLWGHU/LHEHQLFKWV]XOHUQHQJlEH LVW GLH $QVLFKW GD GDV 3UREOHP GHV /LHEHQV GDV 3UREOHP HLQHV2EMHNWVQLFKWDEHUGDV3UREOHPHLQHU)lKLJNHLWLVWLH 0HQVFKHQJODXEHQGDGDV/LHEHQVHOEVWVHKUHLQIDFKVHLGD HVMHGRFKVHKUVFKZHUZlUHGDVULFKWLJH2EMHNW]XP/LHEHQ RGHU ]XP *HOLHEWZHUGHQ ]X ¿QGHQ LHVH$QQDKPH KDW YHUVFKLHGHQH *UQGH GLH LQ GHU (QWZLFNOXQJ GHU PRGHUQHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW ZXU]HOQ (LQ *UXQG LVW GLH JURH 9HUlQGHUXQJ GLH LP ]ZDQ]LJVWHQ -DKUKXQGHUW KLQVLFKWOLFK GHU :DKO GHV (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV ª/LHEHVREMHNWHV HLQWUDW ,P QHXQ]HKQWHQ -DKUKXQGHUW ZDU GLH /LHEH LQ YLHOHQ EHUOLHIHUWHQ .XOWXUHQ ]XPHLVW NHLQ VSRQWDQHVSHUVQOLFKHV(UOHEQLVGLHVSlWHUYLHOOHLFKW]XHLQHU (KHIKUWH,P*HJHQWHLOLH(KHZXUGHYHUWUDJOLFKIHVWJHOHJW XQG GXUFKJHIKUW HQWZHGHU GXUFK GLH EHWHLOLJWHQ )DPLOLHQ GXUFKHLQHQ(KHYHUPLWWOHURGHUDXFKRKQHGLHLOIHGHUDUWLJHU 9HUPLWWOXQJHQ 6LH ZXUGH DXI GHU %DVLV JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHU hEHUOHJXQJHQJHVFKORVVHQXQGPDQZDUGHU$QVLFKWGD GLH /LHEH VLFK YRQ VHOEVW HQWZLFNHOQ ZUGH ZHQQ GLH (KH JHVFKORVVHQ VHL ,P /DXIH GHU OHW]WHQ -DKU]HKQWH LVW MHGRFK GHU %HJULII GHU URPDQWLVFKHQ /LHEH LQ GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ :HOW IDVW DOOJHPHLQ DQHUNDQQW ZRUGHQ 2EJOHLFK hEHUOHJXQJHQ NRQYHQWLRQHOOHU $UW LQ GHQ 9HUHLQLJWHQ 6WDDWHQ QLFKW YOOLJ IHKOHQ VXFKHQ GLH 0HQVFKHQ DXFK KLHU ]XPHLVW QDFK GHU ªURPDQWLVFKHQ/LHEHQDFKGHPSHUVQOLFKHQ/LHEHVHUOHEQLV GDVGDQQ]XU(KHIKUWLHVHVQHXH.RQ]HSWYRQGHU)UHLKHLW GHU/LHEHPXGLH%HGHXWXQJGHV2EMHNWVLP*HJHQVDW]]XU %HGHXWXQJGHU)XQNWLRQQRFKEHGHXWHQGJHVWHLJHUWKDEHQ 0LW GLHVHP )DNWRU KlQJW QRFK HLQ DQGHUHU XJ HQJ ]XVDPPHQGHUIUGLH]HLWJHQVVLVFKH.XOWXUFKDUDNWHULVWLVFK LVW 8QVHUH JDQ]H .XOWXU EDVLHUW DXI GHU .DXÀXVW DXI GHU 9RUVWHOOXQJ HLQHV IU EHLGH 6HLWHQ JQVWLJHQ $XVWDXVFKHV DV *OFN GHV PRGHUQHQ 0HQVFKHQ OLHJW LQ GHP9HUJQJHQ VLFK GLH 6FKDXIHQVWHU DQ]XVHKHQ XQG GDV ]X NDXIHQ ZDV ]X NDXIHQ HU VLFK OHLVWHQ NDQQ HQWZHGHU JHJHQ %DU]DKOXQJ RGHU DXI 5DWHQ (U RGHU VLH VLHKW VLFK GLH 0LWPHQVFKHQ LQ JDQ] lKQOLFKHU :HLVH DQ )U GHQ 0DQQ LVW HLQ DWWUDNWLYHV 0lGFKHQ IU GLH )UDX LVW HLQ DWWUDNWLYHU 0DQQ GDV ZDV PDQ VXFKW ª$WWUDNWLY EHGHXWHW JHZKQOLFK HLQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV QHWWHV %QGHO YRQ (LJHQVFKDIWHQ GLH EHOLHEW XQG DXI GHP 3HUVQOLFKNHLWVPDUNW LP $XJHQEOLFN JHIUDJW VLQG :DV HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ LQVEHVRQGHUH DWWUDNWLY PDFKW KlQJW YRQ GHU MHZHLOLJHQ 0RGH DE XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO LQ SK\VLVFKHU DOV DXFK LQ JHLVWLJHU LQVLFKW ,Q GHQ ]ZDQ]LJHU -DKUHQ JDOW HLQ UDXFKHQGHVXQGWULQNHQGHV0lGFKHQGDVHLQHQ]ZLHOLFKWLJHQ (LQGUXFN PDFKWH XQG ªVH[\ ZDU DOV DWWUDNWLY KHXWH VLQG l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lKLJ VLQG EHL GLHVHP DQGHO HLQH EHWUlFKWOLFKH 5ROOH ,Q HLQHU .XOWXU LQ GHU GHU NDXIPlQQLVFKH 6LQQ YRUKHUUVFKW XQG LQ GHU GHU PDWHULHOOH(UIROJYRQEHUUDJHQGHP:HUWLVWJLEWHVHLJHQWOLFK NHLQHQ*UXQGGDYRQEHUUDVFKW]XVHLQGDGLHPHQVFKOLFKHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV /LHEHVEH]LHKXQJHQ GHQ JOHLFKHQ *UXQG]JHQ IROJHQ GLH GHQ :DUHQXQGGHQ$UEHLWVPDUNWEHKHUUVFKHQ HU GULWWH ,UUWXP GHU ]X GHU$QQDKPH IKUW GD HV LQ GHU /LHEH QLFKWV ]X OHUQHQ JlEH OLHJW LQ GHU 9HUZLUUXQJ GLH ]ZLVFKHQGHPDQIlQJOLFKHQ(UOHEQLVGHV9HUOLHEHQVXQGGHP GDXHUKDIWHQ6WDGLXPGHV/LHEHQVKHUUVFKWGHXWOLFKHUZLUGGHU 8QWHUVFKLHG]ZLVFKHQGLHVHQEHLGHQ%HJULIIHQZHQQZLUGLH HQWVSUHFKHQGHQHQJOLVFKHQ%H]HLFKQXQJHQªIDOOLQJLQORYH XQG ªEHLQJ LQ ORYH GDIU QHKPHQ :HQQ ]ZHL 0HQVFKHQ GLHVLFKZLHZLUDOOHELVKHUDOV)UHPGHJHJHQEHUVWDQGHQ SOW]OLFK ]XODVVHQ GD GLH ]ZLVFKHQ LKQHQ VWHKHQGH :DQG ]XVDPPHQEULFKW XQG VLFK HLQDQGHU ]XJHKULJ DOV HLQV IKOHQ JHKUW GLHVHU $XJHQEOLFN GHU (LQKHLW ]X GHQ IUHXGLJVWHQXQGHUUHJHQGVWHQ(UOHEQLVVHQ1RFKZXQGHUEDUHU XQG XQEHJUHLÀLFKHU LVW HU IU 0HQVFKHQ GLH ELVKHU DEJHVFKQLWWHQLVROLHUWXQGRKQH/LHEHOHEWHQLHVHV:XQGHU GHUSOW]OLFKHQ9HUWUDXWKHLWZLUGKlXILJGDGXUFKHUOHLFKWHUW GDHVPLWVH[XHOOHU$Q]LHKXQJXQG9HUHLQLJXQJYHUEXQGHQ LVWRGHUGXUFKVLHEHUKDXSWHUVWDXVJHOVWZLUGLHVH$UW GHU /LHEH LVW MHGRFK LKUHP JDQ]HQ :HVHQ QDFK QLFKW YRQ DXHU LH EHLGHQ 0HQVFKHQ OHUQHQ VLFK ]ZDU JUQGOLFK NHQQHQ DEHU LKUH 9HUWUDXWKHLW YHUOLHUW LPPHU PHKU YRQ LKUHP ZXQGHUYROOHQ &KDUDNWHU ELV $XVHLQDQGHUVHW]XQJHQ (QWWlXVFKXQJHQ XQG JHJHQVHLWLJH /DQJHZHLOH DOOHV DEWWHQ ZDV YRQ GHP DQIlQJOLFKHQ 5HL] EULJJHEOLHEHQ LVW $P $QIDQJ LVW VLFK MHGRFK QLHPDQG GDUEHU NODU 7DWVDFKH LVW GD PDQ GLH ,QWHQVLWlW GHU9HUQDUUWKHLW GLHVHV JHJHQVHLWLJHQ ª9HUUFNWVHLQV QDFK GHP DQGHUHQ DOV %HZHLV IU GLH (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV ,QWHQVLWlWGHU/LHEHKlOWZlKUHQGHVGRFKQLFKWPHKULVWDOV GHU%HZHLVIUGHQ*UDGGHUYRUKHUJHJDQJHQHQ(LQVDPNHLW LHVH$QQDKPH GD QLFKWV OHLFKWHU VHL DOV GLH /LHEH LVW LPPHU QRFK GLH YRUKHUUVFKHQGH 9RUVWHOOXQJ REJOHLFK GDV *HJHQWHLOLQEHUZlOWLJHQGHP8PIDQJEHZLHVHQLVW(VJLEW NDXPHLQH$NWLYLWlWNDXPHLQ8QWHUQHKPHQGDVPLWGHUDUWLJ XQJHKHXUHQ RIIQXQJHQ XQG (UZDUWXQJHQ EHJRQQHQ ZLUG XQG PLW GHUDUW JURHU 5HJHOPlLJNHLW IHKOVFKOlJW %HL MHGHU DQGHUHQ 7l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lUNHU LQWHUHVVLHUW LHV JLOW IU GLH 0XVLN IU GLH 0HGL]LQ IU GLH %LOGKDXHUHL XQG IU GLH /LHEH 8QG KLHU OLHJW YLHOOHLFKW GLH $QWZRUW DXI GLH )UDJH ZDUXP GLH 0HQVFKHQ XQVHUHU *HVHOOVFKDIW VR VHOWHQYHUVXFKHQGLHVH.XQVW]XHUOHUQHQREZRKOVLHLPPHU ZLHGHU QHXH )HKOVFKOlJH HUOHEHQ7URW] GHU WLHIYHUZXU]HOWHQ 6HKQVXFKW QDFK /LHEH KlOW PDQ IDVW DOOH EULJHQ LQJH IU ZLFKWLJHU DOV VLH (UIROJ 3UHVWLJH *HOG 0DFKW %HLQDKH XQVHUH JDQ]H (QHUJLH EUDXFKHQ ZLU GD]X XP ]X OHUQHQ ZLH PDQGLHVHLHOHHUUHLFKWXQGIDVWQLFKWVYHUZHQGHQ ZLU XP GLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV]XHUOHUQHQ ,VW HV PJOLFK GD QXU GLH (UOHUQXQJ MHQHU LQJH ORKQW PLW GHQHQ PDQ *HOG RGHU 3UHVWLJH HUZHUEHQ NDQQ XQG GD GLH /LHEH GLH ª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bTXLYDOHQW YRQ /LHEH EHL 7LHUHQYRU¿QGHQKDQGHOWHVVLFKGDEHLKDXSWVlFKOLFKXPHLQHQ 7HLO GHU LQVWLQNWLYHQ$QODJH EHLP 0HQVFKHQ HUNHQQW PDQ QXU QRFK 5HVWH GLHVHU LQVWLQNWLYHQ %HIl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¿QGHWGLHXQZLHGHUEULQJOLFK YHUORUHQLVW 0LW GHU *HEXUW LVW GHU 0HQVFK XQG ]ZDU VRZRKO GLH PHQVFKOLFKH5DVVHDOVDXFKGDVPHQVFKOLFKH(LQ]HOZHVHQDXV GHU HLQHQ 6LWXDWLRQ GLH IHVWJHOHJW ZDU ZLH GLH ,QVWLQNWH LQ HLQH DQGHUH JHVWRHQ ZRUGHQ GLH XQEHVWLPPW XQJHZL XQG YOOLJRIIHQLVW*HZLKHLWJLEWHVQXUEHUGLH9HUJDQJHQKHLW XQG EHU GLH XNXQIW QXU LQVRIHUQ DOV VLH PLW GHP 7RGH HQGHW HU0HQVFKLVWPLW9HUQXQIWEHJDEWHULVWGDV/HEHQGDV VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW EHZXW LVW (U LVW VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW VHLQHU 0LWPHQVFKHQ VHLQHU 9HUJDQJHQKHLW XQG GHU 0JOLFKNHLWHQ VHLQHUXNXQIWEHZXWLHVHV%HZXWVHLQVHLQHVJHVRQGHUWHQ DVHLQVGDV%HZXWVHLQVHLQHUHLJHQHQNXU]HQ/HEHQVVSDQQH XQGGHU7DWVDFKHGDHURKQHVHLQHQ:LOOHQJHERUHQLVWXQG JHJHQ VHLQHQ :LOOHQ VWHUEHQ ZLUG GD HU YRU MHQHQ VWHUEHQ ZLUG GLH HU OLHEW RGHU GD VLH YRU LKP VWHUEHQ ZHUGHQ GDV %HZXWVHLQ VHLQHU (LQVDPNHLW XQG *HWUHQQWKHLW VHLQHU LOÀRVLJNHLW JHJHQEHU GHQ .UlIWHQ GHU 1DWXU XQG GHU *HVHOOVFKDIWGDVDOOHVOlWVHLQHEHVRQGHUHXQGDEJHWUHQQWH ([LVWHQ] ]X HLQHP XQHUWUlJOLFKHQ *HIlQJQLV ZHUGHQ (U ZUGH ZDKQVLQQLJ ZHUGHQ NQQWH HU VLFK QLFKW VHOEVW DXV VHLQHP *HIlQJQLV EHIUHLHQ XQG HV VSUHQJHQ NQQWH HU VLFK QLFKW LQ GLHVHU RGHU MHQHU )RUP PLW 0HQVFKHQ PLW GHU 8PZHOWYHUHLQHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV DV (UOHEQLV GLHVHU *HWUHQQWKHLW XQG $EJHVRQGHUWKHLW OVW $QJVW DXV WDWVlFKOLFK LVW VLH GLH 4XHOOH MHGHU $QJVW *HWUHQQWKHLW EHGHXWHW DEJHVFKQLWWHQ ]X VHLQ RKQH MHGH )lKLJNHLW ]X VHLQ GLH PHQVFKOLFKHQ .UlIWH ]X JHEUDXFKHQ HVEHGHXWHWKLOIORV]XVHLQGLH:HOWLQJHZLH0HQVFKHQ QLFKW IDVVHQ ]X NQQHQ (V EHGHXWHW GD GLH :HOW PLFK EHUVFKZHPPHQNDQQRKQHGDLFKLQGHU/DJHELQGDUDXI ]X UHDJLHUHQ 6R ZLUG GLH *HWUHQQWKHLW GLH 4XHOOH KHIWLJHU $QJVW DEHU GDUEHU KLQDXV OVW VLH 6FKDP XQG GDV *HIKO YRQ 6FKXOG DXV LHVHV (UOHEQLV YRQ 6FKXOG XQG 6FKDP LQ GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ZLUG LQ GHU ELEOLVFKHQ *HVFKLFKWH YRQ $GDP XQG (YD DXVJHGUFNW 1DFKGHP$GDP XQG (YD YRP ª%DXPGHU(UNHQQWQLVYRQ*XWXQG%VHJHJHVVHQKDWWHQ QDFKGHPVLHXQJHKRUVDPJHZHVHQZDUHQ XQG*XWXQG%VH JLEWHVQXUEHLGHU)UHLKHLW]XP8QJHKRUVDP QDFKGHPVLH GDGXUFK 0HQVFKHQ JHZRUGHQ ZDUHQ GD VLH VLFK YRQ GHU XUVSUQJOLFKHQWLHULVFKHQDUPRQLHPLWGHU1DWXUOVWHQGDV KHLWDOVRQDFKLKUHU*HEXUWDOVPHQVFKOLFKH*HVFKSIHGD HUVWVDKHQVLHªGDVLHQDFNWZDUHQXQGVLHVFKl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lQGLJHQ,VROLHUXQJQXUGXUFKHLQGHUDUWUDGLNDOHV XUFN]LHKHQYRQGHU8PZHOWEHUZXQGHQZHUGHQNDQQGD GDV *HIKO GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW YHUVFKZLQGHW ZHLO GLH 8PZHOW YRQGHUPDQJHWUHQQWLVWYHUVFKZXQGHQLVW HU 0HQVFK DOOHU HLWHQ XQG .XOWXUHQ VWHKW GHU /VXQJ GLHVHUHLQHQXQGLPPHUJOHLFKHQ)UDJHJHJHQEHUGHU)UDJHZLH GLH *HWUHQQWKHLW EHUZXQGHQ ZLH PDQ GDV HLJHQH LQGLYLGXHOOH /HEHQ WUDQV]HQGLHUHQ XQG HLQV ZHUGHQ NDQQ LH JOHLFKH )UDJH JLOW IU GHQ SULPLWLYHQ KOHQEHZRKQHU IU GHQ 1RPDGHQ IU GHQ lJ\SWLVFKHQ %DXHUQ IU GHQ SKQL]LVFKHQ lQGOHU IU GHQ UPLVFKHQ 6ROGDWHQ IU GHQ 0QFK GHV 0LWWHODOWHUV IU GHQ MDSDQLVFKHQ6DPXUDLIUGHQPRGHUQHQ%URDQJHVWHOOWHQXQGGHQ )DEULNDUEHLWHULH)UDJHLVWLPPHUGLHJOHLFKHGHQQVLHHQWVSULQJW GHPJOHLFKHQ%RGHQGHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ6LWXDWLRQGHQ%HGLQJXQJHQ GHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ([LVWHQ]LH$QWZRUWGDJHJHQLVWQLFKWLPPHU (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV JOHLFKLH)UDJHNDQQGXUFKGDV$QEHWHQYRQ7LHUHQEHDQWZRUWHW ZHUGHQ GXUFK 0HQVFKHQRSIHU RGHU PLOLWlULVFKH (UREHUXQJHQ GXUFK%HIULHGLJXQJLP/X[XVGXUFKDVNHWLVFKHQ9HU]LFKWGXUFK EHVHVVHQH $UEHLW GXUFK NQVWOHULVFKH VFKSIHULVFKH $UEHLW GXUFKGLH/LHEH]X*RWWRGHU]XGHQ0HQVFKHQ2EZRKOHVYLHOH $QWZRUWHQ JLEW HLQH JHQDXH $XIVWHOOXQJ GLHVHU $QWZRUWHQ HUJLEW GLH 0HQVFKHQJHVFKLFKWH VLQG VLH GRFK QLFKW ]DKOORV ,P *HJHQWHLO 6REDOG PDQ GLH NOHLQHUHQ 8QWHUVFKLHGH DXHU DFKW OlW GLH PHKU DQ GHQ 5DQG DOV ]XP .HUQ JHKUHQ VWHOOW PDQ IHVW GD GLH $Q]DKO GHU $QWZRUWHQ EHJUHQ]W LVW GLH DXI GLHVH)UDJHJHJHEHQZHUGHQNDQQXQGGLHYRP0HQVFKHQLQGHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ.XOWXUHQLQGHQHQHUJHOHEWKDWDXFKQXUJHJHEHQ ZHUGHQNRQQWHLH*HVFKLFKWHGHU5HOLJLRQXQGGHU3KLORVRSKLH LVW GLH *HVFKLFKWH GLHVHU$QWZRUWHQ LKUHU 9LHOIDOW XQG JHQDXVR DXFKLKUHU]DKOHQPlLJHQ%HJUHQ]XQJ ,Q JHZLVVHP 8PIDQJ KlQJW GLH $QWZRUW MHZHLOV YRQ GHP *UDG GHU ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW DE GLH HLQ ,QGLYLGXXP HUUHLFKW KDW ,QHLQHP.LQGKDWGDVª,FKVLFKQRFKNDXPHQWZLFNHOWMHGHV .LQGIKOWVLFKHLQVPLWVHLQHU0XWWHUXQGKDWQRFKNHLQ*HIKO GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW VRODQJH GLH 0XWWHU EHL LKP LVW 6HLQ *HIKO GHV$OOHLQVHLQVZLUGGXUFKGLHSK\VLVFKH*HJHQZDUWGHU0XWWHU GXUFK LKUH %UXVW XQG GLH %HUKUXQJ LKUHU DXW EHVFKZLFKWLJW (UVW LQ HLQHP 6WDGLXP LQ ZHOFKHP GDV .LQG GDV *HIKO IU VHLQH *HWUHQQWKHLW XQG VHLQH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW ZHLWHUHQWZLFNHOW KDWJHQJWGLHSK\VLVFKH*HJHQZDUWGHU0XWWHUQLFKWPHKUXQG HQWVWHKW GLH 1RWZHQGLJNHLW GLH HLJHQH $EJHVRQGHUWKHLW DXI DQGHUH:HLVH]XEHUZLQGHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV ,QJDQ]lKQOLFKHU:HLVHIKOWVLFKDXFKGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH LQ LKUHP .LQGKHLWVVWDGLXP QRFK HLQV PLW GHU 1DWXU LH (UGH GLH 7LHUH XQG 3ÀDQ]HQ VLQG QRFK GLH :HOW GHV 0HQVFKHQ (U LGHQWL¿]LHUWVLFKPLW7LHUHQXQGGLHVGUFNWVLFKGDULQDXVGD HU VLFK DOV 7LHU YHUNOHLGHW GD HU HLQ 7RWHPWLHU RGHU DQGHUH 7LHUJWWHU DQEHWHW -H PHKU VLFK MHGRFKGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH YRQGLHVHQXUVSUQJOLFKHQ%LQGXQJHQOVWGHVWRPHKUWUHQQWVLH VLFKYRQGHU1DWXUZHOWGHVWRLQWHQVLYHUZLUGGLH1RWZHQGLJNHLW QHXH 0JOLFKNHLWHQ ]X ¿QGHQ XP GHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ]X HQWÀLHKHQ (LQH0JOLFKNHLW]XU(UUHLFKXQJGLHVHVLHOHVOLHJWLQGHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ$UWHQRUJLDVWLVFKHU(UOHEQLVVH6LHNQQHQGLH )RUP HLQHU VHOEVW DXVJHOVWHQ 7UDQFH PDQFKPDO PLW LOIH YRQURJHQKDEHQ9LHOH5LWHQSULPLWLYHU6WlPPHELHWHQHLQH OHEHQGLJH9RUVWHOOXQJYRQGLHVHU$UWGDV3UREOHP]XOVHQ,Q HLQHPYRUEHUJHKHQGHQ6WDGLXPGHU(NVWDVHYHUVFKZLQGHWGLH 8PZHOWXQGGDPLWDXFKGDV*HIKOGHU*HWUHQQWKHLWYRQLKU 6RZHLW GLHVH 5LWHQ JHPHLQVDP SUDNWL]LHUW ZHUGHQ NRPPW GDV (UOHEQLV GHU HQJHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ PLW GHU *UXSSH KLQ]X VR GD GLH :LUNXQJ QRFK JHVWHLJHUW ZLUG ,Q HLQHP HQJHQ XVDPPHQKDQJ XQG RIW PLW GLHVHU RUJLDVWLVFKHQ /VXQJ YHUPLVFKW VWHKW GDV 6H[XDOHUOHEQLV LH VH[XHOOH 2UJLH NDQQ ]X HLQHP 6WDGLXP IKUHQ GDV GHP VHKU lKQOLFK LVW ZHOFKHV GXUFK 7UDQFH RGHU PLW LOIH EHVWLPPWHU URJHQ KHUYRUJHUXIHQZLUGLH5LWHQJHPHLQVDPHUVH[XHOOHU2UJLHQ ZDUHQ ZHLW YHUEUHLWHW (V KDW GHQ $QVFKHLQ GD GHU 0HQVFK QDFKGLHVHPRUJLDVWLVFKHQ(UOHEQLVHLQHHLWODQJQLFKWVRVWDUN XQWHU VHLQHU *HWUHQQWKHLW ]X OHLGHQ KDWWH /DQJVDP ZlFKVW (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV GDQQMHGRFKGLH6SDQQXQJGHU$QJVWZLHGHUVRGDVLHGXUFK HLQH:LHGHUKROXQJGHV5LWXDOVYHUPLQGHUWZHUGHQPX 6RODQJH GLHVH RUJLDVWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLVVH HLQH$QJHOHJHQKHLW JHPHLQVDPHU DQGOXQJHQ HLQHV JDQ]HQ 6WDPPHV VLQG UXIHQ VLH ZHGHU $QJVW QRFK 6FKXOGJHIKO KHUYRU (LQ GHUDUWLJHV 9HUKDOWHQ LVW ªULFKWLJ XQG VRJDU HLQH 7XJHQG ZHLO DOOH DQ LKP WHLOQHKPHQ XQG ZHLO HV YRQ GHQ 0HGL]LQPlQQHUQ RGHU 3ULHVWHUQ QLFKW QXU JHELOOLJW VRQGHUQ VRJDU JHIUGHUW ZLUG DKHU EHVWHKW DXFK NHLQ$QOD VLFK VFKXOGLJ RGHU EHVFKlPW ]XIKOHQ(WZDVJDQ]DQGHUHVLVWHVMHGRFKZHQQGLHJOHLFKH /VXQJ GHV 3UREOHPV YRQ HLQHP ,QGLYLGXXP LQ HLQHU .XOWXU JHZlKOW ZLUG GLH GLHVH JHPHLQVDPHQ 5LWHQ EHUHLWV KLQWHU VLFKJHODVVHQKDW$ONRKROXQG5DXVFKJLIWVLQGGLH)RUPHQ GLHGDV,QGLYLGXXPLQHLQHUQLFKWRUJLDVWLVFKHQ.XOWXUZlKOW ,P *HJHQVDW] ]X MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH DQ HLQHU LQ LKUHU *HVHOOVFKDIWVIRUPIHVWJHOHJWHQ/VXQJVDUWWHLOQHKPHQOHLGHQ GLHVH ,QGLYLGXHQ DQ 6FKXOGJHIKOHQ XQG *HZLVVHQVELVVHQ :lKUHQG VLH YHUVXFKHQ LKUHU *HWUHQQWKHLW GXUFK GLH )OXFKW LQ GHQ $ONRKRO RGHU ]X EHVWLPPWHQ URJHQ ]X HQWJHKHQ YHUVSUHQ VLH QDFK GHP RUJLDVWLVFKHQ (UOHEQLV LKUH $EJHVRQGHUWKHLWQXUQRFKVWlUNHUXQGZHUGHQVRJHWULHEHQHV PLW]XQHKPHQGHUlXILJNHLWXQG,QWHQVLWlW]XZLHGHUKROHQ ,Q JHZLVVHP 0DH LVW GDV RUJLDVWLVFKH 6H[XDOHUOHEQLV HLQH QDWUOLFKHXQGQRUPDOH)RUPGLH*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHUZLQGHQ XQGDXFKHLQHWHLOZHLVH/VXQJGHV3UREOHPVGHU(LQVDPNHLW %HLYLHOHQ,QGLYLGXHQGLHGDV*HIKOLKUHU*HWUHQQWKHLWQLFKW DXI DQGHUH :HLVH GlPSIHQ NQQHQ QLPPW GDV 9HUODQJHQ QDFK GHU VH[XHOOHQ 2UJLH MHGRFK HLQH %HGHXWXQJ DQ GLH YRQ GHU 6XFKW QDFK $ONRKRO RGHU 5DXVFKJLIW QLFKW DOO]X (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV YHUVFKLHGHQ LVW 6LH ZLUG ]X GHP YHU]ZHLIHOWHQ 9HUVXFK GHU GXUFKGLH*HWUHQQWKHLWHU]HXJWHQ$QJVW]XHQWNRPPHQXQG UHVXOWLHUW LQ HLQHP LPPHU VWlUNHU ZHUGHQGHQ *HIKO GHU (LQVDPNHLWGDGHURKQH/LHEHYROO]RJHQH*HVFKOHFKWVDNWGLH .OXIW]ZLVFKHQ]ZHLPHQVFKOLFKHQ:HVHQKFKVWHQVIUHLQHQ NXU]HQ$XJHQEOLFNEHUEUFNHQNDQQ $OOH )RUPHQ GHU RUJLDVWLVFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ KDEHQ GUHL .HQQ]HLFKHQ 6LH VLQG LQWHQVLY XQG VRJDU KHIWLJ EHDQVSUXFKHQ GLH *HVDPWSHUVQOLFKNHLW DOVR .USHU XQG 6HHOH XQG ZHUGHQ UHJHOPlLJ ZLHGHUKROW GD LKUH:LUNXQJ VFKQHOOYHUJHKW*HQDXGDV*HJHQWHLOJLOWIUMHQH)RUPGHU *HPHLQVDPNHLWGLHGHU0HQVFKGHU9HUJDQJHQKHLWZLHDXFK GHU*HJHQZDUWDPKlXILJVWHQ]XU/VXQJGHV3UREOHPVZlKOWH GLH 9HUHLQLJXQJ GLH DXI GHU .RQIRUPLWlW PLW GHU *UXSSH EHUXKW PLW LKUHQ %UlXFKHQ *HZRKQKHLWHQ XQG 0HLQXQJHQ $XFKKLHU¿QGHQZLUHLQHEHWUlFKWOLFKH(QWZLFNOXQJYRU ,Q HLQHU SULPLWLYHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW LVW GLH *UXSSH QXU NOHLQ VLH EHVWHKW DXV MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH GXUFK %OXWVYHUZDQGWVFKDIW XQG XVDPPHQOHEHQ PLWHLQDQGHU YHUEXQGHQVLQG0LW]XQHKPHQGHU(QWZLFNOXQJGHU.XOWXU ZlFKVW DXFK GLH *UXSSH VLH ZLUG ]X GHU %UJHUVFKDIW HLQHU SROLV ]X GHQ %UJHUQ HLQHV JURHQ 6WDDWHV XQG ]X GHQ 0LWJOLHGHUQ HLQHU .LUFKH 6HOEVW GHU lUPVWH 5PHU ZDU VWRO] ZHLO HU VDJHQ NRQQWH ª&LYLV URPDQXP VXP 5RP XQG GDV UPLVFKH ,PSHULXP ZDUHQ VHLQH )DPLOLH VHLQH HLPDW XQG VHLQH :HOW $XFK LQ GHU JHJHQZlUWLJHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWGHV:HVWHQVLVWGLH9HUHLQLJXQJPLWGHU*UXSSH GLHYRUKHUUVFKHQGH0JOLFKNHLWGLH*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHU (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV ZLQGHQ(VLVWHLQH9HUHLQLJXQJLQGHUGDV,QGLYLGXXP]X HLQHP JURHQ7HLO DXIJHKW XQG EHL GHU HV GDV LHO LVW GHU HUGH DQ]XJHKUHQ :HQQ LFK JHQDXVR ELQ ZLH DOOH DQGH UHQZHQQLFKZHGHU*HIKOHQRFK*HGDQNHQKDEHGLHPLFK YRQLKQHQXQWHUVFKHLGHQZHQQLFKLQ%UlXFKHQ.OHLGXQJ 9RUVWHOOXQJHQPLWGHP9RUELOGGHU*UXSSHEHUHLQVWLPPH ELQLFKJHUHWWHWJHUHWWHWYRUGHPHQWVHW]OLFKHQ(UOHEQLVGHU (LQVDPNHLW LH GLNWDWRULVFKHQ 6WDDWVIRUPHQ JHEUDXFKHQ URKXQJHQXQG7HUURUXPGLHVHhEHUHLQVWLPPXQJDXV]XO VHQGLHHPRNUDWLHQGDJHJHQ6XJJHVWLRQXQG3URSDJDQGD ZLVFKHQ EHLGHQ 6\VWHPHQ EHVWHKHQ WURW]GHP JURH 8QWHUVFKLHGH,QGHQHPRNUDWLHQLVWHVLPPHUKLQPJOLFK VLFK GHU .RQIRUPLWlW ]X ZLGHUVHW]HQ XQG GLHVH DOWXQJ ILQGHW PDQ GRUW WDWVlFKOLFK DXFK YRU EHL GHQ WRWDOLWlUHQ 6\VWHPHQ GDJHJHQ NDQQ PDQ OHGLJOLFK GDPLW UHFKQHQ GD HLQLJH ZHQLJH XQJHZKQOLFK WDSIHUH HOGHQ XQG 0lUW\UHU GHU *HKRUVDP YHUZHLJHUQ 7URW] GLHVHV 8QWHUVFKLHGHV ]HLJHQ MHGRFK GLH GHPRNUDWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIWHQ HLQ EH lQJVWLJHQGHV 0D DQ .RQIRUPLWlW HU *UXQG OLHJW LQ GHU 7DWVDFKHGDPDQDXILUJHQGHLQH:HLVHGHP9HUODQJHQQDFK 9HUHLQLJXQJQDFKJHEHQPXXQGZHQQHVZHGHUHLQHDQGH UH QRFK HLQH EHVVHUH 0JOLFKNHLW JLEW LVW GLH9HUHLQLJXQJ LP 6LQQH GHU .RQIRUPLWlW GHU HUGH YRUKHUUVFKHQG LH 0DFKW GHU$QJVW DQGHUV ]X VHLQ QXU ZHQLJH 6FKULWWH DX HUKDOE GHU HUGH ]X VWHKHQ NDQQ PDQ QXU EHJUHLIHQ ZHQQ PDQ GLH 7LHIHQ GHU 1RWZHQGLJNHLW YHUVWHKW QLFKW DEJHWUHQQW]XZHUGHQ0DQFKPDOLVWGLH)XUFKWQLFKWVR]X VHLQ ZLH GLH DQGHUHQ DOV$QJVW YRU SUDNWLVFKHQ *HIDKUHQ UDWLRQDOLVLHUWGLHDQJHEOLFKGHPQLFKW$QJHSDWHQGURKHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV 7DWVDFKHLVWMHGRFKGDGLH0HQVFKHQLQHLQHPYLHOJUH UHP0DHYRQVLFKDXV]XU.RQIRUPLWlWQHLJHQDOVVLHGD]X JH]ZXQJHQ ZHUGHQ ]XPLQGHVW MHGHQIDOOV LQ GHQ ZHVWOL FKHQHPRNUDWLHQ LH PHLVWHQ 0HQVFKHQ VLQG VLFK QLFKW HLQPDO LKUHV %HGUIQLVVHV QDFK .RQIRUPLWlW EHZXW 6LH OHEHQ LQ GHU ,OOXVLRQ HLJHQHQ 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ XQG 1HLJXQJHQ ]X IROJHQ ,QGLYLGXDOLVWHQ ]X VHLQ XQG DOV (UJHEQLV HLJHQHQ HQNHQV LKUH 0HLQXQJ JHELOGHW ]X KDEHQ GD LKUH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ GHPQDFK DOVR UHLQ ]XIlOOLJ GHQHQ GHU 0DMRULWlW HQWVSUHFKHQ LHVH hEHUHLQVWLPPXQJ QHKPHQ VLH DOV %HZHLV GDIU GD ªLKUH 9RUVWHOOXQJHQ HEHQ ULFKWLJ VLQG D GDQHEHQ MHGRFK QRFK GDV %HGUIQLV EHVWHKW HLQH JHZLVVH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW ]X HPS¿QGHQ ZLUG GLHVHV %HGUIQLV GXUFK XQEHGHXWHQGH .OHLQLJNHLWHQ EHIULHGLJW GLH $QIDQJVEXFKVWDEHQ GHV 1DPHQV DXI .RIIHU RGHU 3XOORYHU GDV 1DPHQVVFKLOG DP 6FKDOWHUIHQVWHU GHU (LQWULWW LQ HLQH EHVWLPPWH 3DUWHL RGHU LQ HLQH 6WXGHQWHQYHUELQGXQJ ZHUGHQ ]XP $XVGUXFN LQGLYLGXHOOHU8QWHUVFKLHGHHU:HUEHVORJDQª(WZDVDQGHUHV EHZHLVWGDVUKUHQGH%HGUIQLVQDFK,QGLYLGXDOLWlWLQHLQHU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ :LUNOLFKNHLW LQ GHU HV IDVW NHLQH PHKU JLEW LHVH ]XQHKPHQGH 7HQGHQ] ]XU $XVPHU]XQJ DOOHU 8QWHUVFKLHGHKlQJWHQJPLWGHP%HJULIIXQGGHP(UOHEQLVGHU *OHLFKKHLW ]XVDPPHQ ZLH VLH VLFK LQ GHQ IRUWJHVFKULWWHQVWHQ ,QGXVWULHJHVHOOVFKDIWHQ HQWZLFNHOW ,P UHOLJLVHQ 6LQQH KDWWH GHU %HJULII ª*OHLFKKHLW EHGHXWHW GD ZLU DOOH *RWWHV .LQGHU VLQG GD ZLU DOOH $QWHLO KDEHQ DQ GHU PHQVFKOLFK (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV JWWOLFKHQ6XEVWDQ]GDZLUDOOHHLQVVLQG(VEHGHXWHWHDEHU DXFKGDJHUDGHGLH8QWHUVFKLHGH]ZLVFKHQGHQ ,QGLYLGXHQ UHVSHNWLHUW ZHUGHQ VROOWHQ GD REZRKO ZLU DOOH HLQV VLQG MHGHU YRQ XQV HLQH HLQPDOLJH *DQ]KHLW GDUVWHOOW HLQ .RVPRV LQ VLFK LVW LHVH hEHU]HXJXQJ YRQ GHU (LQPDOLJNHLW GHV ,QGLYLGXXPVLVW]XP%HLVSLHOLQGHU)HVWVWHOOXQJGHV7DOPXGV DXVJHGUFNWª:HULPPHUDXFKQXUHLQHLQ]LJHV/HEHQUHWWHW KDWJHKDQGHOWDOVKlWWHHUGLHJDQ]H:HOWJHUHWWHWZHULPPHU DXFKQXUHLQHLQ]LJHV/HEHQ]HUVWUWKDWJHKDQGHOWDOVKlWWH HUGLHJDQ]H:HOW]HUVWUW*OHLFKKHLWDOV%HGLQJXQJIUGLH (QWZLFNOXQJGHU,QGLYLGXDOLWlWEHGHXWHWHGLHVHU%HJULIIDXFK LQ GHU 3KLORVRSKLH GHU ZHVWOLFKHQ $XINOlUXQJ $P NODUVWHQ IRUPXOLHUWH.DQWHVGDGHU0HQVFKQLHPDOVGDV0LWWHOIU GLHZHFNHHLQHVDQGHUHQVHLQGDUIGDDOOH0HQVFKHQVLFK LQVRIHUQJOHLFKVLQGDOVVLHLQVLFKHLQZHFNXQGVRPLWQLHPDOV HLQ0LWWHOIUHLQHQDQGHUHQVLQG(QWVSUHFKHQGGHQ,GHHQGHU $XINOlUXQJ GH¿QLHUWHQ VR]LDOLVWLVFKH HQNHU YHUVFKLHGHQHU 6FKXOHQGLH*OHLFKKHLWDOV$EVFKDIIXQJGHU$XVEHXWXQJXQGGHU 9HUZHQGXQJGHV0HQVFKHQGXUFKGHQ0HQVFKHQXQJHDFKWHWGHU 7DWVDFKHREGLHVH9HUZHQGXQJJUDXVDPRGHUªKXPDQZlUH ,Q GHU ]HLWJHQVVLVFKHQ NDSLWDOLVWLVFKHQ *HVHOOVFKDIW KDW GLH %HGHXWXQJ GHU *OHLFKKHLW HLQH 9HUlQGHUXQJ HUIDKUHQ 0LW GHP %HJULII ª*OHLFKKHLW PHLQW PDQ KHXWH GLH *OHLFKKHLW YRQ 0DVFKLQHQ DOVR 0HQVFKHQ GLH LKUH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW HLQJHEW KDEHQ *OHLFKKHLW EHGHXWHW KHXWH ª(LQIUPLJNHLW XQG QLFKW ª(LQKHLW (V LVW GLH (LQIUPLJNHLW YRQ $EVWUDNWLRQHQ YRQ 0HQVFKHQ GLH GLH JOHLFKH $UEHLW YHUULFKWHQ GLH GLH JOHLFKHQ 9HUJQJXQJHQVXFKHQGLHGLHJOHLFKHQHLWXQJHQOHVHQGLHGLH JOHLFKHQ*HIKOHXQGGLHJOHLFKHQ,GHHQKDEHQ,QGLHVHULQVLFKW (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV PX PDQ PLW HLQLJHU 6NHSVLV DXFK JHZLVVH (UUXQJHQVFKDIWHQ EHWUDFKWHQ GLH JHZKQOLFK DOV HLFKHQ XQVHUHV )RUWVFKULWWV JHSULHVHQZHUGHQZLH]XP%HLVSLHOGLH*OHLFKVWHOOXQJGHU)UDX ,FKEUDXFKHZRKOQLFKWHUVW]XEHWRQHQGDLFKQLFKWJHJHQGLH *OHLFKKHLW YRQ 0DQQ XQG )UDX ELQ DEHU GLH SRVLWLYHQ$VSHNWH GLHVHU 7HQGHQ] ]XU *OHLFKVWHOOXQJ GUIHQ QLFKW WlXVFKHQ LH )UDX LVW JOHLFK ZHLO GLH 8QWHUVFKLHGH YHUVFKZXQGHQ VLQG LH SKLORVRSKLVFKH 7KHVH GHU$XINOlUXQJ O¶kPH Q¶D SDV GH VH[H GLH6HHOHKDWNHLQ*HVFKOHFKWZLUGJDQ]DOOJHPHLQDQJHZHQGHW LH 3RODULWlW GHU *HVFKOHFKWHU YHUVFKZLQGHW XQG PLW LKU DXFK GLHHURWLVFKH/LHEHGLHDXIGLHVHU3RODULWlWEHUXKW0lQQHUXQG )UDXHQ ZHUGHQ GDVVHOEH XQG QLFKW JOHLFK DOV JHJHQVlW]OLFKH 3ROH LH ]HLWJHQVVLVFKH *HVHOOVFKDIW SUHGLJW GDV ,GHDO HLQHU QLFKWLQGLYLGXDOLVLHUWHQ *OHLFKKHLW ZHLO VLH PHQVFKOLFKH $WRPH EUDXFKW GLH VLFK LQ QLFKWV YRQHLQDQGHU XQWHUVFKHLGHQ XQG LQ GHU XVDPPHQEDOOXQJ GHU 0DVVH UHLEXQJVORV XQG RKQH 6FKZLHULJNHLW IXQNWLRQLHUHQ DOOH GHP JOHLFKHQ %HIHKO IROJHQG XQGGHQQRFKMHGHUIUVLFKLQGHUhEHU]HXJXQJGDHUQXUVHLQHQ HLJHQHQ :QVFKHQ IROJW :LH GLH PRGHUQH 0DVVHQSURGXNWLRQ GLH6WDQGDUGLVLHUXQJGHU(U]HXJQLVVHYHUODQJWVRYHUODQJWGLHVHU JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKH 9RUJDQJ GLH 6WDQGDUGLVLHUXQJ GHV 0HQVFKHQ XQGVLHQHQQWPDQGDQQª*OHLFKKHLW LH 9HUHLQLJXQJ GXUFK .RQIRUPLWlW LVW ZHGHU LQWHQVLY QRFKKHIWLJ VLH LVW UXKLJ YRQ GHU 6FKDEORQH YRUJHVFKULHEHQ XQGDXVHEHQGLHVHP*UXQGHVHKURIWQLFKWDXVUHLFKHQGXP GLH$QJVWYRUGHU*HWUHQQWKHLW]XEHUXKLJHQLH9HUEUHLWXQJ YRQ $ONRKROLVPXV 5DXVFKJLIWVXFKW XQG 6HOEVWPRUG LQ GHU ]HLWJHQVVLVFKHQZHVWOLFKHQ:HOWLVWHLQ6\PSWRPIUGLHVHV UHODWLYH 9HUVDJHQ GHU .RQIRUPLWlW$XHUGHP EHWULIIW GLHVH (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV /VXQJPHLVWHQVQXUGHQ.RSIXQG QLFKW GHQ .USHU XQG DXFK DXV GLHVHP *UXQGH KDW VLH 1DFKWHLOH JHJHQEHU GHQ RUJLDVWLVFKHQ/VXQJHQLH .RQIRUPLWlW GHU HUGH KDW QXU HLQHQ9RUWHLO6LHLVWYRQDXHUXQGRKQHMHGHQ.UDPSIDV ,QGLYLGXXP ZLUG LP$OWHU YRQ GUHL RGHU YLHU -DKUHQ LQ GDV NRQIRUPH0XVWHUHLQJHIKUWXQGYHUOLHUWGDQDFKQLHPHKUGHQ .RQWDNWPLWGHUHUGH XVlW]OLFK]XGHU.RQIRUPLWlWDOV0JOLFKNHLWGLHDXVGHU *HWUHQQWKHLW VWDPPHQGH$QJVW ]X EHVFKZLFKWLJHQ PX PDQ VLFKQRFKPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ)DNWRUXQVHUHV]HLWJHQVVLVFKHQ /HEHQV EHVFKl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lVVLJNHLW (KUJHL] XQG GLH )lKLJNHLW PLW MHGHP RKQH 6FKZLHULJNHLW DXV]XNRPPHQ DV 9HUJQJHQ LVW LQ lKQOLFKHU ZHQQ DXFK QLFKWJDQ]VRGUDVWLVFKHU:HLVHVFKDEORQLVLHUW%FKHUZHUGHQ YRQ GHQ %XFKNOXEV )LOPH YRQ GHQ .LQREHVLW]HUQ XQG GXUFK GLH YRQ LKQHQ EH]DKOWHQ$Q]HLJHQWH[WH DXVJHZlKOW HU 5HVW LVW HEHQIDOOV NRQIRUP GLH 6RQQWDJVIDKUW PLW GHP $XWR GLH )HUQVHKVHQGXQJ GDV .DUWHQVSLHO XQG GLH JHVHOOVFKDIWOLFKHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV (LQODGXQJHQ 9RQ GHU *HEXUW ELV ]XP 7RGH YRQ 6RQQWDJ ELV 0RQWDJ YRP 0RUJHQ ELV ]XP $EHQG DOOH 7lWLJNHLWHQ VLQG VFKDEORQLVLHUW XQG YRUJHIHUWLJW :LH VROOWH HLQ 0HQVFK GHU LQ GLHVHP 1HW] JHIDQJHQ LVW QLFKW YHUJHVVHQ GD HU HLQ 0HQVFK LVW HLQ HLQPDOLJHV ,QGLYLGXXP HLQ *HVFKSI GHP QXUGLHVHHLQH/HEHQVFKDQFHJHJHEHQLVWPLWRIIQXQJHQXQG (QWWlXVFKXQJHQ PLW 6RUJHQ XQG )XUFKW PLW GHU 6HKQVXFKW QDFK/LHEHXQGGHUURKXQJGHV1LFKWVXQGGHU(LQVDPNHLW (LQHGULWWH0JOLFKNHLW(LQKHLWXQGDUPRQLH]XHUUHLFKHQ OLHJWLQGHUVFKSIHULVFKHQ7lWLJNHLWVHLHVGLHHLQHV.QVWOHUV RGHU GLH HLQHV DQGZHUNHUV ,Q MHGHU VFKSIHULVFKHQ$UEHLW YHUHLQLJWVLFKGHUVFKSIHULVFKH0HQVFKPLWVHLQHP0DWHULDO GDVGLH8PZHOWGHV0HQVFKHQGDUVWHOOW2EGHU7LVFKOHUHLQHQ 7LVFK DUEHLWHW RGHU GHU *ROGVFKPLHG HLQ 6FKPXFNVWFN RE GHU %DXHU VHLQ *HWUHLGHIHOG EHVWHOOW RGHU GHU 0DOHU HLQ %LOG PDOW LQ MHGHU VFKSIHULVFKHQ $UEHLW ZHUGHQ $UEHLWHU XQG *HJHQVWDQGHLQVYHUHLQLJWVLFKGHU0HQVFKPLWGHU:HOWLP 3UR]HGHV6FKDIIHQVLHVJLOWMHGRFKQXUIUGLHSURGXNWLYH $UEHLWIUHLQH$UEHLWGLHLFKVHOEVWSODQHGXUFKIKUHXQGEHL GHULFKGDQQGDV(UJHEQLVPHLQHU$UEHLWVHKH,QGHPPRGHUQHQ $UEHLWVDEODXIHLQHV$QJHVWHOOWHQHLQHV)OLHEDQGDUEHLWHUVLVW NDXP HWZDV YRQ GLHVHU YHUHLQHQGHQ (LJHQVFKDIW GHU $UEHLW EULJJHEOLHEHQHU$UEHLWHUZLUGHLQ7HLOGHU0DVFKLQHRGHU GHUEURNUDWLVFKHQ2UJDQLVDWLRQ(UKDWDXIJHKUWHUVHOEVW]X VHLQGHQQMHQVHLWVMHQHU9HUHLQLJXQJGXUFK$QSDVVXQJ¿QGHW NHLQH9HUHLQLJXQJVWDWW LH (LQKHLW GLH GXUFK SURGXNWLYH $UEHLW HUIROJW LVW QLFKW]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKLH(LQKHLWGLHGXUFKRUJLDVWLVFKH (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV 9HUHLQLJXQJ HUUHLFKW ZLUG LVW YRUEHUJHKHQG LH (LQKHLW GLHGXUFK.RQIRUPLWlWXQG$QSDVVXQJHUUHLFKWZLUG LVW QXU HLQH3VHXGR(LQKHLWLHHLJHQWOLFKHXQGWRWDOH$QWZRUWDXI GLH H[LVWHQWLHOOH )UDJH OLHJW LQ GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJLQGHU9HUHLQLJXQJPLWHLQHPDQGHUHQ0HQVFKHQ LQGHU/LHEH DV9HUODQJHQQDFK]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHU9HUHLQLJXQJLVW GDV VWlUNVWH 6WUHEHQ LP 0HQVFKHQ (V LVW GDV JUXQGOHJHQGVWH 9HUODQJHQGLH.UDIWGLHGLHPHQVFKOLFKH5DVVH]XVDPPHQKlOW GHQ &ODQ GLH )DPLOLH XQG GLH *HVHOOVFKDIW 6HLQ 9HUVDJHQ EHGHXWHW:DKQVLQQRGHU9HUQLFKWXQJ6HOEVWYHUQLFKWXQJRGHU 9HUQLFKWXQJDQGHUHU2KQH/LHEHNQQWHGLH0HQVFKKHLWQLFKW HLQHQHLQ]LJHQ7DJH[LVWLHUHQ:HQQZLUMHGRFKGLH(UUHLFKXQJ GHU ]ZLVFKHQPHQVFKOLFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ ª/LHEH QHQQHQ EH¿QGHQ ZLU XQV LQ HLQHU HUQVWOLFKHQ 6FKZLHULJNHLW (LQH 9HUHLQLJXQJ NDQQ DXI YHUVFKLHGHQH :HLVH HUUHLFKW ZHUGHQ XQG GLH 8QWHUVFKLHGH VLQGQLFKWZHQLJHUEHGHXWXQJVYROODOV GDV ZDV GHQ YHUVFKLHGHQHQ )RUPHQ GHU /LHEH JHPHLQVDP LVW 6ROOWH PDQ DOOH DOV /LHEH EH]HLFKQHQ 2GHU VROOWH PDQ GDV :RUW ª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ª]XVDPPHQ V\PELRVLV VLH EUDXFKHQ VLFK JHJHQVHLWLJ HU )RHWXV LVW HLQ 7HLO GHU 0XWWHU XQG HPSIlQJW YRQ LKU DOOHV ZDV HU EUDXFKW GLH0XWWHULVWVR]XVDJHQVHLQH:HOW6LHHUQlKUWXQGEHVFKW]W LKQ DEHU DXFK LKU /HEHQ HUIlKUW GXUFK LKQ HLQH 6WHLJHUXQJ ,QGHUSV\FKLVFKHQV\PELRWLVFKHQ9HUHLQLJXQJVLQGGLHEHLGHQ .USHU XQDEKlQJLJ DEHU GLH JOHLFKH $UW GHV JHJHQVHLWLJHQ $QJHZLHVHQVHLQVEHVWHKWSV\FKRORJLVFK LH SDVVLYH )RUP GHU V\PELRWLVFKHQ 9HUHLQLJXQJ LVW GLH 8QWHUZHUIXQJ RGHU ZHQQ ZLU GLH NOLQLVFKH %H]HLFKQXQJ YHUZHQGHQ GHU 0DVRFKLVPXV HU PDVRFKLVWLVFKH 0HQVFK HQWULQQW GHP XQHUWUl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lQJLJ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV (U LVW QLFKW YROOVWl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lOOHQYHUOLHUWGHU%HWURIIHQHVHLQH,QWHJULWl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lQJLJ ZLH GLHVH YRQ LKP NHLQHU NDQQ RKQH GHQ DQGHUHQOHEHQHU8QWHUVFKLHGOLHJWOHGLJOLFKGDULQGDGHU 6DGLVW EH¿HKOW DXVQXW]W YHUOHW]W XQG HUQLHGULJW ZlKUHQG GHU 0DVRFKLVW VLFK EHIHKOHQ DXVQXW]HQ YHUOHW]HQ XQG HUQLHGULJHQ (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV OlW DV LVW LQ UHDOLVWLVFKHP 6LQQH HLQ EHWUlFKWOLFKHU 8QWHUVFKLHGLQHLQHPWLHIHUHQ6LQQHLVWGHU8QWHUVFKLHGMHGRFK QLFKWVRJURZLHGDVZDVEHLGHJHPHLQVDPKDEHQ9HUHLQLJXQJ RKQH 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW XQG ,QWHJULWlW :HQQ PDQ GLHV EHJUHLIW LVW HV DXFK QLFKW EHUUDVFKHQG IHVW]XVWHOOHQ GD HLQH 3HUVRQ JHZKQOLFK VRZRKO DXI VDGLVWLVFKH DOV DXFK DXI PDVRFKLVWLVFKH $UWUHDJLHUWLPDOOJHPHLQHQDOOHUGLQJVJHJHQEHUYHUVFKLHGHQHQ 2EMHNWHQ LWOHU UHDJLHUWH 0HQVFKHQ JHJHQEHU LQ HUVWHU /LQLH DXI VDGLVWLVFKH VHLQHP 6FKLFNVDO GHU *HVFKLFKWH XQG GHQ ªKKHUHQ 0lFKWHQ GHU 1DWXU JHJHQEHU MHGRFK DXI PDVRFKLVWLVFKH:HLVH ,P*HJHQVDW]]XGHUV\PELRWLVFKHQ9HUHLQLJXQJLVWGLHUHLIH /LHEH (LQV6HLQ XQWHU GHU %HGLQJXQJ GLH HLJHQH ,QWHJULWlW XQG 8QDEKlQJLJNHLW ]X EHZDKUHQ XQG GDPLW DXFK GLH HLJHQH ,QGLYLGXDOLWlW LH /LHEH GHV 0HQVFKHQ LVW HLQH DNWLYH .UDIW GLHGLH0DXHUQGXUFKEULFKWGXUFKGLHGHU0HQVFKYRQVHLQHQ 0LWPHQVFKHQJHWUHQQWLVWXQGGLHLKQPLWGHQDQGHUHQYHUHLQW LH/LHEHOlWLKQGDV*HIKOYRQ,VRODWLRQXQG*HWUHQQWKHLW EHUZLQGHQ HUODXEW LKP DEHU VLFK VHOEVW WUHX ]X EOHLEHQ XQG VHLQH ,QWHJULWlW VHLQ 6R6HLQ ]X EHZDKUHQ ,Q GHU /LHEH HUHLJQHW VLFK GDV 3DUDGR[ GD ]ZHL :HVHQ HLQV ZHUGHQ XQG GRFK ]ZHL EOHLEHQ :HQQ ZLU VDJHQ GD GLH /LHEH HLQH $NWLYLWlW LVW VWHKHQ ZLU GHU 6FKZLHULJNHLW JHJHQEHU GLH LQ GHU GRSSHOVLQQLJHQ %HGHXWXQJ GHV :RUWHV ª$NWLYLWlW OLHJW0LWª$NWLYLWlWPHLQWPDQLPPRGHUQHQ*HEUDXFKGHV :RUWHV JHZKQOLFK HLQH DQGOXQJ GLH GXUFK $XIZHQGXQJ YRQ (QHUJLH HLQH 9HUlQGHUXQJ LQ LUJHQGHLQHU EHVWHKHQGHQ 9JOGLHDXVIKUOLFKH6WXGLHEHU6DGLVPXVXQG0DVRFKLVPQVLQ()URPPLH )XUFKWYRUGHU)UHLKHLWULFK (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV 6LWXDWLRQ]XVWDQGHEULQJW6RJLOWHLQ0HQVFKDOVDNWLYZHQQHU JHVFKlIWOLFKWlWLJLVW0HGL]LQVWXGLHUWDP)OLHEDQGDUEHLWHW HLQHQ 6WXKO WLVFKOHUW RGHU VLFK VSRUWOLFK EHWlWLJW 6lPWOLFKHQ JHQDQQWHQ7lWLJNHLWHQLVWJHPHLQVDPGDVLHGDUDXIJHULFKWHW VLQG HLQ lXHUOLFKHV LHO ]X HUUHLFKHQ 1LFKW EHUFNVLFKWLJW ZLUGGDEHLGLH4XHOOHGHU$NWLYLWlW1HKPHQZLU]XP%HLVSLHO HLQHQ 0DQQ GHU GXUFK GDV *HIKO JUWHU 8QVLFKHUKHLW RGHU (LQVDPNHLW ]X EHVHVVHQHU $UEHLW RGHU MHQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU YRQ (KUJHL] RGHU *HOGJLHU JHWULHEHQ ZLUG ,Q GLHVHQ )lOOHQ LVW GLH 3HUVRQ GHU 6NODYH HLQHU 3DVVLRQ HLQHU /HLGHQVFKDIW XQG VHLQH $NWLYLWlW LVW LQ :LUNOLFKNHLW ª3DVVLYLWlW ZHLO HU JHWULHEHQZLUGHULVWGHU/HLGHQGHXQGQLFKWGHUªDQGHOQGH $XI GHU DQGHUHQ 6HLWH KlOW PDQ HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU VWLOO XQG QDFKGHQNOLFK DXI VHLQHP 6WXKO VLW]W RKQH LUJHQGHLQHQ DQGHUHQ ZHFN DOV GHQ VLFK VHOEVW XQG VHLQH (LQKHLW PLW GHU :HOW ]X EHWUDFKWHQ XQG ]X HUOHEHQ IU ªSDVVLY HEHQ ZHLO HU QLFKWV ªWXW ,Q :LUNOLFKNHLW LVW GLHVH NRQ]HQWULHUWH 0HGLWDWLRQGLHKFKVWH$NWLYLWlWHLQH$NWLYLWlWGHU6HHOHGLH QXUXQWHUGHU%HGLQJXQJLQQHUHU)UHLKHLWXQG8QDEKlQJLJNHLW EHUKDXSW PJOLFK LVW HU HLQH %HJULII GHU $NWLYLWlW XQG ]ZDU GHU PRGHUQH PHLQW GLH 9HUZHQGXQJ YRQ (QHUJLH ]XU (UUHLFKXQJlXHUOLFKHULHOHGHUDQGHUH%HJULIIGHU$NWLYLWlW PHLQW GLH 9HUZHQGXQJ GHU GHP 0HQVFKHQ LQQHZRKQHQGHQ .UlIWH XQJHDFKWHW GHU 7DWVDFKH RE LUJHQGZHOFKH lXHUHQ 9HUlQGHUXQJHQGDPLWHUUHLFKWZHUGHQHU]ZHLWH%HJULIIGHU $NWLYLWlWLVWDPNODUVWHQYRQ6SLQR]DIRUPXOLHUWZRUGHQ%HL GHQ$IIHNWHQXQWHUVFKHLGHWHU]ZLVFKHQDNWLYHQXQGSDVVLYHQ ]ZLVFKHQ ª$NWLRQHQ XQG ª3DVVLRQHQ :HQQ GHU 0HQVFK HLQHPDNWLYHQ$IIHNWJHPlKDQGHOWLVWHUIUHLLVWHUGHUHUU (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV GHV $IIHNWHV ZHQQ HU YRQ HLQHP SDVVLYHQ $IIHNW PRWLYLHUW LVW LVW HU JHWULHEHQ GDV 2EMHNW YRQ 0RWLYHQ GLH LKP VHOEVW JDU QLFKW EHZXW VLQG 6R NRPPW 6SLQR]D VFKOLHOLFK ]X GHU )HVWVWHOOXQJ GD7XJHQG XQG VLFK VHLQHU VHOEVW PlFKWLJ VHLQ HLQXQGGDVVHOEHVLQG1HLG(LIHUVXFKW(KUJHL]XQGMHGH$UW YRQ*LHUVLQG/HLGHQVFKDIWHQ3DVVLRQHQGLH/LHEHGDJHJHQLVW HLQH$NWLRQ$XVEXQJHLQHUPHQVFKOLFKHQ0DFKWGLHQXULQ )UHLKHLWDXVJHEWZHUGHQNDQQXQGQLHPDOVGDV(UJHEQLVHLQHV ZDQJHVLVW LH/LHEHLVWHLQH$NWLYLWlWXQGNHLQSDVVLYHU$IIHNW*DQ] DOOJHPHLQNDQQPDQVLHPLWGHU)HVWVWHOOXQJXPVFKUHLEHQGD GLH/LHEHLQHUVWHU/LQLHHLQ*HEHQXQGNHLQ(PSIDQJHQLVW :DVLVWQXQ*HEHQ6RHLQIDFKGLH$QWZRUWDXIGLHVH)UDJH]X VHLQVFKHLQWVRGRSSHOVLQQLJXQGYHUZLFNHOWLVWVLHWDWVlFKOLFK DVYHUEUHLWHWVWH0LYHUVWlQGQLVLVWGLH$QQDKPHGD*HEHQ LP*UXQGHª$XIJHEHQEHGHXWHWGDPDQHLQHU6DFKHEHUDXEW ZLUG RGHU VLH RSIHUW LH 3HUVRQ GHUHQ &KDUDNWHU VLFK QRFK QLFKW EHU GDV 6WDGLXP GHV (PSIDQJHQV GHV$XVQXW]HQV RGHU XVDPPHQUDIIHQVKLQDXVHQWZLFNHOWKDWHUOHEWGLHDQGOXQJGHV *HEHQVDXIGLHVH:HLVHHUªPHUNDQWLOH&KDUDNWHULVWEHUHLW ]X JHEHQ DEHU QXU LP$XVWDXVFK JHJHQ HWZDV DQGHUHV GDV HU GDIU HPSIl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ª:RKOKDEHQKHLWPHLQH3RWHQ]LHVHV(UOHEQLV JHVWHLJHUWHU 9LWDOLWlW XQG .UDIW HUIOOW PLFK PLW )UHXGH ,FK HUOHEH PLFK VHOEVW DOV EHUVWUPHQG OHEHQGLJ XQG GDKHU IUHXGLJ*HEHQEULQJWPHKU)UHXGHDOV(PSIDQJHQQLFKWZHLO HVHLQ2SIHULVWVRQGHUQZHLOLQGHUDQGOXQJGHV*HEHQVGHU $XVGUXFNPHLQHU/HEHQVNUDIWOLHJW (V LVW QLFKW VFKZHU GLH *OWLJNHLW GLHVHV *UXQGVDW]HV ]X HUNHQQHQ ZHQQ PDQ LKQ DXI YHUVFKLHGHQH VSH]L¿VFKH (UVFKHLQXQJHQDQZHQGHWDVHOHPHQWDUVWH%HLVSLHO¿QGHQZLU LQGHU6SKlUHGHU6H[XDOLWlWHUKHSXQNWGHUPlQQOLFKHQ 6H[XDOIXQNWLRQOLHJWLP$NWGHV*HEHQVGHU0DQQJLEWVLFK JLEWVHLQ6H[XDORUJDQGHU)UDX,P$XJHQEOLFNGHV2UJDVPXV JLEWHULKUVHLQHQ6DPHQ(UNDQQHVQLFKWYHUKLQGHUQZHQQ HUSRWHQWLVWZHQQHUQLFKWJHEHQNDQQLVWHULPSRWHQW)U GLH )UDX LVW GLHVHU 9RUJDQJ NHLQHVZHJV DQGHUV VRQGHUQ QXU HWZDVYHUZLFNHOWHU$XFKVLHJLEWVLFKKLQVLHIIQHWGLH7RUH ]XGHP,QQHUVWHQLKUHU:HLEOLFKNHLWLP(PSIDQJHQJLEWVLH :HQQVLH]XGLHVHU)RUPGHV*HEHQVXQIlKLJLVWZHQQVLHQXU ªHPSIDQJHQNDQQLVWVLHIULJLG%HLLKUZLHGHUKROWVLFKGLH 9JOGLHYRQ6SLQR]DJHJHEHQHH¿QLWLRQGHU)UHXGH (ULFK)URPPLH.XQVWGHV/LHEHQV DQGOXQJ GHV *HEHQV LQ LKUHU )XQNWLRQ DOV 0XWWHU 6LH JLEW GHP LQ LKU ZDFKVHQGHQ .LQG YRQ VLFK VHOEVW VLH JLEW LKP VSlWHULKUH0LOFKXQGLKUH.USHUZlUPH1LFKWJHEHQZlUH IUVLHVFKPHU]OLFK ,QGHU6SKlUH GHU PDWHULHOOHQ LQJH LVW *HEHQ 5HLFKWXP 1LFKW GHU GHU KDW LVW UHLFK VRQGHUQ GHU GHU YLHO JLEW HU *HL]LJH GHU $QJVW YRU MHGHP 9HUOXVW KDW LVW SV\FKRORJLVFK JHVDJW HLQ DUPHU XQG DUPVHOLJHU 0HQVFK XQJHDFKWHWGHU7DWVDFKHZLHYLHOHUEHVLW]W:HUMHGRFKIlKLJ LVW YRQ VLFK VHOEVW ]X JHEHQ LVW UHLFK (U HUOHEW VLFK VHOEVW DOV HLQHQ 0HQVFKHQ GHU DQGHUHQ YRQ VLFK VHOEVW JHEHQ NDQQ 1XU HLQ 0HQVFK GHU ZHQLJHU KDW DOV GDV ]XP /HEHQ $OOHUQRWZHQGLJVWH LVW QLFKW LQ GHU /DJH GLH %HIULHGLJXQJ GHV*HEHQVPDWHULHOOHULQJH]XHUOHEHQ$EHUGLHDOOWlJOLFKH (UIDKUXQJ OHKUW GD GDV ZDV HLQ 0HQVFK DOV 0LQGHVWPD GHV ]XP /HEHQ 1RWZHQGLJHQ DQVLH